International Journal of Engineering Research and Sustainable Technologies (IJERST)

Editorial Message

Dr.V.RameshBabu — 2025-06-25

International Journal of Engineering Research and Sustainable Technologies (IJERST)

Volume 3, No.2 Online ISSN: 2584-1394

Message from Editorial Desk 25th June 2025

Dear Readers, Researchers, and Contributors,

We are pleased to present the June issue of our journal, featuring a diverse and thought-provoking collection of articles contributed by scholars and researchers from across the globe. Each piece reflects our continued commitment to promoting high-quality, accessible, and impactful academic work.

We are also excited to share that we have officially initiated the application process for inclusion in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). This marks a significant milestone in our journey towards greater visibility, discoverability, and academic recognition. DOAJ is widely respected as a benchmark for open access publishing, and we believe our inclusion will further affirm our dedication to transparency, quality, and open science.

We extend our heartfelt thanks to our contributors, reviewers, and editorial team for their dedication and support. Your continued engagement is vital to the growth and integrity of our publication.

Warm regards,

On behalf of Editorial Team Dr.V.RameshBabu Managing Editor

Dean-University Journal , Dr.M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute Chennai,Tamilnadu,India

dean-univ.journals@drmgrdu.ac.in / ijerst@drmgrjournals.org

VISUALIZING THE RIPPLE EFFECT: COVID-19’S IMPACT AND PREDICTIVE INSIGHTS

Sreehari Thirumalai Bhuvaraghavan — 2025-06-25

Throughout history, humanity has encountered numerous crises and pandemics. Yet, our resilience, innovation, and capacity for creative problem-solving have consistently guided us through these challenges. Presently, the world is confronted with the COVID-19 pandemic, stemming from a novel coronavirus originating in Wuhan, China, and swiftly spreading across the globe, infecting millions. However, in times of adversity, rigorous measures and inventive approaches become imperative. This study is dedicated to analyzing COVID-19 data using advanced visualization techniques to chart and juxtapose the outbreak's progression across various continents and territories, including the USA, China, India, Italy, and Taiwan. Employing metrics such as total confirmed cases, fatalities, and recoveries for each region, this analysis harnesses the power of data visualization to facilitate comparisons. Ultimately, this research endeavors to furnish a comprehensive insight into the global impact of COVID-19 through the integration of Data Visualization and Machine Learning methodologies.

DOSEGUARD: AN IOT-ENABLED SMART DRUG DISPENSER FOR IMPROVING MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND REAL-TIME MONITORING

Govindaraj V — 2025-06-25

Medication nonadherence is a tremendous health problem, especially in resource limited settings, where there are no explicit automation and real time tracking of medication with traditional methods of medication management. However, these methods are based on patient self-reporting, using which they can miss doses or make errors. An IoT enabled, smart medical dispenser, which automates prescription retrieval, medication dispensed and adherence monitoring is introduced in this paper. Real time prescription verification is used for dispensed medication to each patient via RFID technology. As such, a load cell sensor is incorporated to verify whether or not each tablet is dispensed to reduce the chances that doses could be missed. This system is in contrast to traditional methods that lead to real time location that reduces the chance of errors in dosing. The system has a cloud-based dashboard, which enables the remote monitoring of patient adherence by healthcare professionals or caregivers. This is especially beneficial for the underserved community and government hospital, where access to medical supervision is not as frequent as you would expect. It integrates IoT, RF ID authentication and cloud-based adherence tracking which helps in reducing human error, improve patient safety. Ultimately, it is a scalable and low-cost solution that will be equally simple to implement in both home and clinical settings making it an effective tool for improving medication adherence and resulting health outcomes in resource limited environments.

AUTOMATED TOLL COLLECTION SYSTEM WITH ZIGBEE COMMUNICATION

Ganga S — 2025-06-25

Toll collection systems have evolved over time, with the introduction of cloud computing. A proposed system combines contactless payment methods, cloud-based services, and real-time data processing to improve toll collection. The system's central control unit is a Raspberry Pi board, which connects parts and the cloud. The toll booth uses an RFID scanner to recognize RFID-tagged vehicles, and the sensor module captures real-time data from cars passing through stations. The system also features an LCD screen for user and toll booth manager information. Vehicle information and collected data are securely transmitted and stored in a centralized database for processing via cloud integration. This allows for real-time monitoring of toll transactions, automatic toll charge calculation, and seamless payment gateway integration. Contactless payment technology, such as electronic wallets and smartphone apps, enhances user comfort and facilitates a secure toll collection process. The system reports and analyzes data via cloud services, enhancing transportation planning, optimizing toll pricing strategies, and understanding traffic patterns.

DESIGN, ANALYSIS, AND FABRICATION OF A HOLOGRAPHIC METASURFACE ANTENNA FOR HIGH FREQUENCY APPLICATIONS

KVS. Bindu sri — 2025-06-25

Holographic metasurface antennas (HMAs) have gained significant attention for their ability to achieve dynamic beam steering, high gain, and compact integration in high-frequency communication systems. This paper presents the design, analysis, and fabrication of a holographic metasurface antenna operating at the 24 GHz frequency band, targeting applications such as automotive radar, wireless communications, and satellite links. The proposed antenna employs a metasurface layer to manipulate electromagnetic wavefronts based on holographic principles, enabling efficient beamforming and reduced sidelobe levels. Full-wave electromagnetic simulations are conducted to optimize the metasurface structure, ensuring enhanced radiation efficiency and wide-angle beam scanning. A prototype is fabricated using PCB-based manufacturing techniques, and its performance is experimentally validated. Measurement results demonstrate a high-gain radiation pattern, effective beam steering capabilities, and improved efficiency, making the proposed HMA a promising candidate for next-generation high-frequency communication systems.

SMART PEST GUARDIAN: IOT AND AI-DRIVEN INSECT DETECTION WITH IOT

M. Kumaresan — 2025-06-25

The increasing demand for precision agriculture has brought forward the necessity for intelligent systems capable of early pest detection and intervention. This paper introduces the "Smart Pest Guardian," an IoT-based framework that integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI) for real-time insect detection in agricultural fields. The system utilizes an array of sensors deployed across fields, collecting environmental and motion data to monitor pest activity. Through a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based image classification model, combined with data from ultrasonic sensors, the system efficiently identifies insect species and their infestation levels. The IoT architecture facilitates seamless communication between sensors, a central processing unit, and a cloud-based platform, allowing for the real-time analysis and alert generation. The proposed model offers enhanced precision, scalability, and reduces the dependency on manual inspection. The effectiveness of the Smart Pest Guardian is evaluated through several field tests, showing significant improvements in pest management efficiency and timely intervention. This research highlights the potential of integrating IoT and AI technologies to revolutionize pest control methods in precision agriculture.